Pada Perang Dunia II, beberapa anggota militer Amerika Serikat memutilasi personil penugasan Jepang yang meninggal pada teater operasi Pasifik. Mutilasi personil penugasan Jepang meliputi pengambilan bagian-bagian tubuh sebagai "suvenir perang" dan "trofi perang". Gigi dan tengkorak sangat umum dijadikan "trofi", meskipun bagian tubuh lain juga diambil.

• Weingartner, James J. (Februari 1992). "Trophies of War: U.S. Troops and the Mutilation of Japanese War Dead, 1941-1945". Pacific Historical Review. 61 (1): 53–67. JSTOR 3640788. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal Agustus 11, 2011. Diakses tanggal Agustus 11, 2011. U.S. Marines on their way to Guadalcanal relished the prospect of making necklaces of Japanese gold teeth and "pickling" Japanese ears" as keepsakes. ;
• Harrison, Simon (2006). "Skull Trophies of the Pacific War: transgressive objects of remembrance". Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. 12. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2021-03-08. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-12. ;
• Thayer, Bradley A. (2004). Darwin and international relations: on the evolutionary origins of war and ethnic conflict. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-2321-9. Diakses tanggal January 24, 2011.
• Johnston, Mark (2000). Fighting the Enemy. Australian Soldiers and their Adversaries in World War II. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-78222-8. Diakses tanggal January 24, 2011.
• Dower, John W. (1986). War Without Mercy. Race and Power in the Pacific War. London: Faber and Faber. hlm. 64–66. ISBN 0-571-14605-8. Diakses tanggal January 24, 2011.
• Ferguson, Niall (2007). The War of the World. History's Age of Hatred. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-101382-4. Diakses tanggal January 24, 2011.

• Paul Fussell "Wartime: Understanding and Behavior in the Second World War" ISBN 9780195065770
• Bourke "An Intimate History of Killing" (pages 37–43) ISBN 9780465007387
• Fussel "Thank God for the Atom Bomb and other essays" (pages 45–52) ISBN 9780786103959
• Aldrich "The Faraway War: Personal diaries of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific" ISBN 9780385606790
• Hoyt, Edwin P. (1987). Japan's War: The Great Pacific Conflict. London: Arrow Books. ISBN 0-09-963500-3.
• Charles A. Lindbergh (1970). The Wartime Journals of Charles A. Lindbergh. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc. ISBN 0-15-194625-6. Diarsipkan dari asli tanggal 2009-04-14.

• One War Is Enough War Correspondent EDGAR L. JONES 1946
• American troops 'murdered Japanese PoWs' Diarsipkan 2013-01-14 di Archive.is
• The US Sailor with the Japanese Skull by Winfield Townley Scott Diarsipkan 2018-04-10 di Wayback Machine.
• Eerie Souvenirs From the Vietnam War Washington Post July 3, 2007 By Michelle Boorstein
• 2002 Virginia Festival of the Book: Trophy Skulls
• War against subhumans: comparisons between the German War against the Soviet Union and the American war against Japan, 1941-1945 The Historian March 22, 1996, Weingartner, James
• Racism in Japanese in U.S. wartime propaganda The Historian June 22, 1994 Brcak, Nancy; Pavia, John R.
• MACABRE MYSTERY Coroner tries to find origin of skull found during raid by deputies The Pueblo Chieftain Online.
• Skull from WWII casualty to be buried in grave for Japanese unknown soldiers Stars and Stripes
• HNET review of Peter Schrijvers. The GI War against Japan: American Soldiers in Asia and the Pacific during World War II.
• February 1, 1943 Life Magazine of japanese skull .p.27
• The May 1944 Life Magazine picture of the week Diarsipkan 2012-12-08 di Archive.is (Image)